Davening while Flying

Question: On previous flights, I’ve been invited to join a minyan on the plane, though I’ve always felt uncomfortable doing so. I’m about to fly again. What should I do if I’m asked to join a minyan?

Answer: The Shulchan Aruch (OC 95:1) instructs that when reciting the amida, one should stand with their feet together. However, for those praying while riding a donkey, in a carriage, or on a boat, the Shulchan Aruch (OC 94:4) allows davening while seated unless standing is easily feasible. The Mishna Berura (94:13) explains that sitting in such situations may help with concentration.

R’ Moshe Feinstein (Igros Moshe OC 4:20) writes that it is permissible to sit for the amida on a plane, especially if it will help maintain focus and reduce distractions. Similarly, R’ Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Halichos Shlomo, Tefilla 8:4) recommends avoiding a minyan during a flight which would disturb other passengers. Instead, he suggests davening the amida while seated.

The Aruch Hashulchan (OC 94:18) advises that even when davening while seated, one should still keep their feet together and bow at the appropriate points. If possible, they should stand at their seat when bowing.

Ideally, it’s best to avoid davening while traveling if it can be arranged otherwise. The Mishna Berura (89:39; 42) suggests that it’s preferable to daven either before travel or after arriving at your destination, even if it means davening at a less ideal time. However, one must be mindful not to miss the final time for reciting shema or the amida.

In conclusion, if you need to daven while on a plane, you may stand in your seat for the amida as long as it does not disturb others. If standing is difficult or disruptive, you may sit throughout but should stand to bow if possible. One must not join a minyan if doing so will inconvenience other passengers.