Covered Water for Netilas Yadayim

Question: I used to wash negel vasser in the morning from the bathroom sink. Recently, I’ve been leaving a cup of water in a bowl next to my bed, so I don’t have to walk around before washing. Is this preferable, even though the water is uncovered?

Answer: The Gemara (Avoda Zara 30b) states that mayim shenisgalu¸ water left uncovered, should not be poured out into the street, used for drinking, washing, or even construction due to the concern that a dangerous snake or scorpion might have contaminated it with poison.

Although Rambam (Rotzeach Ushemiras Hanefesh 11:15) rules according to this halacha, the Tur (YD 116) and Shulchan Aruch (YD 116:1) write that this prohibition no longer applies, as such incidents are exceedingly rare in modern times.

R’ Yaakov Chaim Sofer (Kaf Hachaim OC 160:2; YD 116:8) clarifies that this halacha is relevant only in places where snakes are common (see Mishna Berura 160:23).

R’ Chaim Falaji (Kaf Hachaim 8:11) maintains that one should avoid using mayim shenisgalu, and the Shaarei Teshuva (4:7) notes that some still follow this practice (see Pischei Teshuva YD 116:1). Nevertheless, the Shaarei Teshuva concludes that there is no need to be concerned about mayim shenisgalu nowadays. The Aruch Hashulchan (YD 160:1) also permits the use of such water, and the Levush (OC 160:5) adds that it is even permissible to drink it.

The Magen Avraham (4:1) and Mishna Berura (1:2) mention that one should avoid walking more than four amos before washing their hands.

In conclusion, there is no need to be particular about covering the water for netilas yadayim. It is preferable to keep an uncovered cup next to your bed rather than leaving your room to wash your hands.