Children in Shul

Question: When is it appropriate to start bringing children to shul?

Answer: The Gemara (Chagiga 3a) teaches that the purpose of bringing children to the hakhel assembly was “to give reward to those who bring them.” Tosafos explains that this serves as the source for the practice of bringing children to shul.

The Rema (OC 124:7) writes that one should train young children to respond “amen.” However, the Magen Avraham (124:11) cautions that children must be taught to conduct themselves with respect if they are to be brought to shul. If they are likely to run about or cause disturbance, it is preferable not to bring them. The Mishna Berura (124:28) adds that introducing children before they are ready may lead them to develop improper habits. Elsewhere (96:4), he writes that one should not daven with a young child seated before them, as the child will inevitably cause distraction.

The Shulchan Aruch (OC 689:1) rules that children should listen to the Megilla being read on Purim. The Mishna Berura (689:3) clarifies that this applies only to children who have reached the age of chinuch. He cites the Magen Avraham (689:11), who emphasises that they must not be so young as to disturb the reading.

The Shelah, quoted in the Mishna Berura (98:3), delivers a sharp rebuke to parents who bring very young children to shul. Not only do they disturb others who are davening and show disrespect to the kedusha of the shul, but as they grow older, this lack of decorum often persists. Conversely, once a child reaches the stage of maturity and is able to behave appropriately, parents are encouraged to bring them to shul and to educate them in the proper conduct of tefilla.

In conclusion, it is most commendable to bring children to shul once they are old enough to sit quietly and behave with respect. However, very young children who are likely to disturb the tefilla or detract from the decorum of the shul should not be brought.

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