Question: I have always made kiddush over my wine, and then poured some out for others after drinking though have seen others pour out wine for others before kiddush. Which is correct?
Answer: The Shulchan Aruch (OC 271:14) writes that one fulfils their obligation of kiddush by listening to another person reciting it (and answering amen), though it is ideal for everyone to drink from the kiddush wine.
The Taz (OC 182:4; 190:1) writes that it is wrong to drink a little from the kiddush cup and then pour into other cups as the wine becomes pagum, unfit for kiddush after. Ideally, everyone should have wine poured out before kiddush. Thus, the Mishna Berura (Shaar Hatziyun 271:89) writes that one may recite kiddush, drink from their cup, and then pass it around to others. One should not pour out from it after drinking, however. If one did so, they could fix the pagum wine by pouring some fresh wine into the cups. One pouring out from their own cup must ensure that they are left with a revi’is in their cup (Mishna Berura 271:51).
The Shulchan Aruch Harav (OC 190:5) adds that one shouldn’t pour wine out into other cups after reciting kiddush before drinking oneself, as doing so would be considered a bizayon, disgrace, to the mitzva (See Mishna Berura 296:4). Nonetheless, he maintains (OC 271:20) that there is no hefsek to pour out from one’s kos before drinking after bentching.
While R’ Yehoshua Neuwirth (Shemiras Shabbos Kehilchasa 48:11) writes that it is preferable for those listening to drink from the main kos, he writes (48:n69) that R’ Shlomo Zalman Auerbach disapproved, as the Shulchan Aruch (OC 170:16) writes that it is dangerous for two people to drink from the same cup. Nonetheless, many have the custom to pass around the kos to one’s family members.
Alternately, one can pour out wine into everyone’s cup before kiddush, though unless they have a revi’is, they must wait for the one reciting kiddush to begin drinking before they do (See Shemiras Shabbos Kehilchasa 48:n74).
In conclusion, one should either pour out wine for everybody before kiddush or pour out from their own cup into others before drinking, providing that they are left with a revi’is in their kos.
Answer: The Shulchan Aruch (OC 271:14) writes that one fulfils their obligation of kiddush by listening to another person reciting it (and answering amen), though it is ideal for everyone to drink from the kiddush wine.
The Taz (OC 182:4; 190:1) writes that it is wrong to drink a little from the kiddush cup and then pour into other cups as the wine becomes pagum, unfit for kiddush after. Ideally, everyone should have wine poured out before kiddush. Thus, the Mishna Berura (Shaar Hatziyun 271:89) writes that one may recite kiddush, drink from their cup, and then pass it around to others. One should not pour out from it after drinking, however. If one did so, they could fix the pagum wine by pouring some fresh wine into the cups. One pouring out from their own cup must ensure that they are left with a revi’is in their cup (Mishna Berura 271:51).
The Shulchan Aruch Harav (OC 190:5) adds that one shouldn’t pour wine out into other cups after reciting kiddush before drinking oneself, as doing so would be considered a bizayon, disgrace, to the mitzva (See Mishna Berura 296:4). Nonetheless, he maintains (OC 271:20) that there is no hefsek to pour out from one’s kos before drinking after bentching.
While R’ Yehoshua Neuwirth (Shemiras Shabbos Kehilchasa 48:11) writes that it is preferable for those listening to drink from the main kos, he writes (48:n69) that R’ Shlomo Zalman Auerbach disapproved, as the Shulchan Aruch (OC 170:16) writes that it is dangerous for two people to drink from the same cup. Nonetheless, many have the custom to pass around the kos to one’s family members.
Alternately, one can pour out wine into everyone’s cup before kiddush, though unless they have a revi’is, they must wait for the one reciting kiddush to begin drinking before they do (See Shemiras Shabbos Kehilchasa 48:n74).
In conclusion, one should either pour out wine for everybody before kiddush or pour out from their own cup into others before drinking, providing that they are left with a revi’is in their kos.
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